Historically, git-lfs has always been using https for transferring files, but recent versions of git-lfs got support for getting the LFS data via ssh: Pure SSH-based protocol by bk2204 · Pull Request #4446 · git-lfs/git-lfs · GitHub
Does gitea already support this or is it planned to add this at some point? GitLab added support for this recently: Support the pure SSH-based LFS protocol for gitlab-shell (#11872) · Epics · GitLab.org · GitLab